CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background Information

1.1.1  Statement of problem
          Since we study here, we found that most of KMPh students did not have enough sleep.  As the consequences, they cannot give fully concentration during the lesson.  Other than that, they also feel stress because they have many assignment to be finished up and caused them to burn the midnight oil.  When we do not get enough sleep, our brain cannot function well.  This will effect our performance in academic.

1.1.2  Objectives
          1) To identify the hours of sleep that students get per night.
          2) To determine whether they show any symptoms of sleep deprivation.
          3) To investigate the effects of sleep deprivation on the students.

1.1.3  Research Questions
          1) How many hours of sleep the students get per night?
          2) Do they show any symptoms of sleep deprivation?
          3) What are the effects of sleep deprivation on them?

Summary 5

When people do not get the sleep that they need, they may begin to build up a sleep dept. The people usually make up for sleep dept by sleeping in on Saturday and Sunday. Sleep dept caused by not having enough time to get the sleep that they need, or it is due to a sleep discover which ditrupts sleep.

summary

         The ability of the brain to function following sleep deprivation appears to vary with the task at hand, and in some cases the brain attempts to compensate for the adverse effects caused by lack of sleep, according to a study published in the February 10 issue of Nature. A team of researchers from the UCSD School of Medicine and the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego used functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) technology to monitor activity in the brain of sleep-deprived subjects performing simple verbal learning tasks. The temporal lobe, a brain region involved in language processing, was activated during verbal learning in rested subjects but not in sleep deprived subjects. The parietal lobes, not actived in rested subjects during the verbal exersice, was more active when the subjects were deprived of sleep. Although subject's memory performance was less efficient with sleep deprivation, greater activity in the parietal region associated with better memory. This study and another study published by Gillin's team in the Disember 1999 NeuroReport indicate that the brain is extremely dinamic in its effort to function when deprived of sleep, though consequence for the subject is deminished ability to perform basic cognitive tasks. It is also apparent that the effect of sleep loss are different depending on the cognitive task the brain is asked to perform. In the earlier study, the team studied sleep-deprived subjects performing and arithmetic task involving subtraction. In the study, they observed that the brain region activated in rested subjects doing the arithmetic problems were not active in the sleep-deprived subjects. Not other region of the brain became activated when subjects performed arithmetic when sleep-deprived.

Summary 3

Just like food and water, adequate sleep is also very essential to the human body.  When the sleep-wake cycle is disrupted due to insufficient sleep, it results in fatigue.  When human being is fatigued, he or she becomes accident prone and the decision - making ability gets impaired.  Some of the symptoms of sleep deprivation are fatigue, lack of physical energy and exhaustion.  Our emotional moods are affected by exhaustion and fatigue. This condition will lead to pessimism, sadness, stress and anger.  The ability to control speech, problem solving and accessing memory is all controlled by the frontal cortex and if there is not enough rest, these abilities are affected. Other symptoms are poor concentration and grogginess while waking up.  Effects of sleep deprivation like mental impairment and mental health complications.  If there is insufficient rest, some of our faculties like the ability to think, stress handling and the maintenance of a healthy immune system are also affected.  Other effects are drop in the concentration level and affects memory too.  Besides, the effects of sleep deprivation include slurred and fragmented speech and slowing down of mental reaction time.  Problem solving and decision making abilities of the brain are affected and new problem solving ideas do not get generated.  Sleep deprivation causes deterioration in emotional mood of human beings, emotional outbursts and violence, strees, anxiety levels, insomnia, anxiety disorder and depression.  If there is inadequate rest, it is difficult to focus the eye properly.  Performing fine motor functions also becomes difficult, drop in muscle strength and endurance, difficult in learning and studying, repetitive skills and perceptual skills are affected.

Summary 2

  Inadequate sleep usually results in some variation of daytime sleepiness or tiredness, but many also curiously result in hyperactivity, school problems, emotional problem and other daytime behavioral difficulties.  Commonly, total daily sleep requirement depending upon age.  As we can see sleep requirement for age 1 year (13-3/4 hours), 3 years (12 hours), 6 years (10-3/4 hours), 9 years (10 hours), 12 years (9-1/4 hours), 15 years (8-3/4 hours) and 18 years (8-1/4 hours).  Mostly, inadequate sleep among students due to daytime problems with school performance or behaviour.  For instance, aggressiveness, disruptive behaviour, poor grades, teariness, inattention, mind wandering, sleepiness in class and interference with peer relations.  Drowsy students often simply do not get enough sleep.  Besides, depression should always be considered for any students with excessive sleepiness or tiredness.  Sign of depression can include difficulty falling asleep, difficulty waking up in the morning, depressed mood, loss of interest for normal activities, unusual weight loss or weight gain, feeling of worthlessness, suicidal thoughts, antisocial troublemaking and substance abuse.

summary 1

Lack of sufficient sleep has negative effect on adolescent. One of the effect is drowsiness and fatigue cause more than 100,00 traffic accidents each year and young drivers are at the wheel in more than half of these crashes. Insufficient sleep has also been show to cause difficulties in school, including disciplinary problem, sleepiness in class and poor concentration. Other than that, sleep difficulties are often associated with psychopathologies such as depression and attention deficit hyperactive disorder(ADHD). Furthermore, lack of sleep can cause imperil students' grades and lead to exacerbate emotional problems. Despite the evidence that insufficient sleep affects young people thinking, emotional balance and behaviour, the long term effects of chronic sleep deprivation on learning, emotion, social relationships and health remain.

introduction

Not all students who are always stay up at night, will pass their examination with flying colours. Why does it happen?In a 1998 survey of more than 3,000 high-school students, for example, psychologist Amy R.Wolfson, PhD, of the College of the Holy Cross, and Mary A.Carskadon, Phd, of Brown University medical School, found that students who reported that they getting C's, D's, and F's in school obtained about 25 minutes less sleep and went to bed about 40 minutes later than students who reported they were getting A's and B's

introduction

introduction for our group assignment...